Which components are typically part of an HVAC system?

• A. Building insulation, windows
• B. Ductwork, furnaces, and chillers
• C. Lighting fixtures, sensors
• D. Piping and boilers

Answer: (B)

Conditioned-air systems rely on three essential elements: a distribution path, heat source, and cooling source. Ductwork provides the network that carries air throughout the building, delivering the conditioned air to occupied spaces. A furnace supplies the heating needed during cold periods, and a chiller handles cooling by removing heat from the system, often circulating chilled water or refrigerant to air-handling devices. Together, these components cover the main functions of heating, cooling, and distributing conditioned air.

The other options refer to parts of the building envelope (insulation and windows), electrical/controls (lighting and sensors), or a partial heating configuration without the distribution and cooling aspects (piping and boilers). While boilers or piping can appear in some hydronic heating setups, they don’t by themselves represent the typical complete HVAC system used for generating and delivering conditioned air.